2 December 25, 2019
Articles and Statements
1. Evgeniya M. Goryushina
Interviews with Eyewitnesses to the Post-Soviet Conflicts in the South of Russia: Specifics of Interviewing and Opportunities as Historical Sources
Russkii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 95-103.
Number of views: 735 Download in PDF
Russkii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 95-103.
Abstract:
Socio-political transformations caused by the collapse of the USSR led to the emergence of a series of post-Soviet conflicts in the South of Russia and adjacent territories. In turn, conflicts require the study and understanding of their consequences which led to the need to collect oral evidence from eyewitnesses and (or) their participants. The article describes the key stages in the development of oral history, which is one of the most important tools for reconstructing forgotten stories. It is concluded that over time, oral history has turned into a vast interdisciplinary field of memory studies referring to the interview method. The specifics of interviewing participants and (or) eyewitnesses to the five armed conflicts are considered separately: the South Ossetian war (1991–1992), the Ossetian-Ingush conflict (1992), the Georgian-Abkhaz war (1992–1993), armed conflicts and counter-terrorism operations in the Chechen Republic (1994–2009) and the armed conflict in South Ossetia (2008).
Socio-political transformations caused by the collapse of the USSR led to the emergence of a series of post-Soviet conflicts in the South of Russia and adjacent territories. In turn, conflicts require the study and understanding of their consequences which led to the need to collect oral evidence from eyewitnesses and (or) their participants. The article describes the key stages in the development of oral history, which is one of the most important tools for reconstructing forgotten stories. It is concluded that over time, oral history has turned into a vast interdisciplinary field of memory studies referring to the interview method. The specifics of interviewing participants and (or) eyewitnesses to the five armed conflicts are considered separately: the South Ossetian war (1991–1992), the Ossetian-Ingush conflict (1992), the Georgian-Abkhaz war (1992–1993), armed conflicts and counter-terrorism operations in the Chechen Republic (1994–2009) and the armed conflict in South Ossetia (2008).
Number of views: 735 Download in PDF
Publications of Sources
2. Igor G. Ivantsov, Igor V. Dubinin
“In Order to Prevent the Vile Ignoramuses from Shaming my Honor, I Save It, I Run, because this is One of my Property”: Correspondence of A.S. Golitsyna and M.P. Shcherbinina
Russkii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 104-110.
Number of views: 739 Download in PDF
3. Alla V. ShadrinaRusskii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 104-110.
Abstract:
The history of the foundation and formation of the port city of Yeysk on the Sea of Azov is inextricably linked with the name of its first chief, Alexander Sergeyevich Golitsyn, a native of the old princely family. On the stay and activity as head of the city of Yeisk A.S. Golitsyna is told by the documents of the fund 80 “Nikolai Sergeyevich Golitsyn (1809–1892), military historian” of the Manuscript Department of the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Pushkin House). This is personal and business correspondence of A.S. Golitsyna, identified by the authors of the article. The published letters were deposited at the Pushkin House on September 3, 1920. Their study allows us to understand why, at first glance, the successful leader and administrator of Yeysk was not there for so long, and why, despite the persuasion of his superiors, who greatly appreciated his business and personal qualities and requests friends, nevertheless left his post.
The history of the foundation and formation of the port city of Yeysk on the Sea of Azov is inextricably linked with the name of its first chief, Alexander Sergeyevich Golitsyn, a native of the old princely family. On the stay and activity as head of the city of Yeisk A.S. Golitsyna is told by the documents of the fund 80 “Nikolai Sergeyevich Golitsyn (1809–1892), military historian” of the Manuscript Department of the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Pushkin House). This is personal and business correspondence of A.S. Golitsyna, identified by the authors of the article. The published letters were deposited at the Pushkin House on September 3, 1920. Their study allows us to understand why, at first glance, the successful leader and administrator of Yeysk was not there for so long, and why, despite the persuasion of his superiors, who greatly appreciated his business and personal qualities and requests friends, nevertheless left his post.
Number of views: 739 Download in PDF
Examination and Restoration of the Resurrection Cathedral of the Village of Starocherkasskaya: Documents of the Imperial Archaeological Commission of the late XIX – early XX centuries
Russkii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 111-123.
Number of views: 707 Download in PDF
4. Oleg A. GromRusskii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 111-123.
Abstract:
For the Don Army, the Resurrection Cathedral of the village of Starocherkasskaya was a significant monument testifying to the history of the Cossacks. By the middle of the XIX century the temple needed restoration, in connection with which, in the 1890s. The government of the Don Army began a petition to the War Ministry not only for the allocation of the necessary funds for restoration work, but also for their control by the Imperial Archaeological Commission. Only in 1916–1917 restoration began, which primarily affected the iconostasis and icons of the XVIII century. The documents presented for publication show details of inspections of the condition of the buildings of the Resurrection Cathedral and the bell tower, the results of the examination of the iconostasis, the course and results of restoration work carried out by the Moscow masters brothers M. and G. Chirikov in 1916–1917.
For the Don Army, the Resurrection Cathedral of the village of Starocherkasskaya was a significant monument testifying to the history of the Cossacks. By the middle of the XIX century the temple needed restoration, in connection with which, in the 1890s. The government of the Don Army began a petition to the War Ministry not only for the allocation of the necessary funds for restoration work, but also for their control by the Imperial Archaeological Commission. Only in 1916–1917 restoration began, which primarily affected the iconostasis and icons of the XVIII century. The documents presented for publication show details of inspections of the condition of the buildings of the Resurrection Cathedral and the bell tower, the results of the examination of the iconostasis, the course and results of restoration work carried out by the Moscow masters brothers M. and G. Chirikov in 1916–1917.
Number of views: 707 Download in PDF
Contributions to the History of the Kishinev Pogroms of 1903 and 1905: Letters from the Fund of Metropolian Arseniy (Stadnitsky)
Russkii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 124-135.
Number of views: 705 Download in PDF
5. Anastasia V. GazdanovaRusskii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 124-135.
Abstract:
The article reproduces a set of letters stored in the fund of Arseniy (Stadnitsky) of the Russian Federation State Archive, concerning the events of Kishinev pogroms of 1903 and 1905. Stadnitsky was a well-known church figure in the first third of the 20th century, a native of Bessarabia. The letters were written by Stadnitsky’s relative D.V. Shcheglov, a teacher at the Kishinev Women’s Diocesan School. One of the letters belongs to Shcheglov’s mother. The letters describe the Kishinev pogrom of 1903; give an assessment of the causes and consequences of this event, as well as of a similar pogrom of 1905. The texts are of interest because they reflect the vision of anti-Semite manifestations typical for Kishinev Christian inhabitants in the early 20th century.
The article reproduces a set of letters stored in the fund of Arseniy (Stadnitsky) of the Russian Federation State Archive, concerning the events of Kishinev pogroms of 1903 and 1905. Stadnitsky was a well-known church figure in the first third of the 20th century, a native of Bessarabia. The letters were written by Stadnitsky’s relative D.V. Shcheglov, a teacher at the Kishinev Women’s Diocesan School. One of the letters belongs to Shcheglov’s mother. The letters describe the Kishinev pogrom of 1903; give an assessment of the causes and consequences of this event, as well as of a similar pogrom of 1905. The texts are of interest because they reflect the vision of anti-Semite manifestations typical for Kishinev Christian inhabitants in the early 20th century.
Number of views: 705 Download in PDF
“I Got a Fairly Intelligent Idea of Ethnography...”: Correspondence of the Z.P. Valaev with K.A. Inostrantsev on the Collection of Ossetian Ethnographic Collections. Part 1
Russkii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 136-155.
Number of views: 741 Download in PDF
6. Nicholas W. Mitiukov, Anatoly N. Loshkarev, Svetlana L. BautinaRusskii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 136-155.
Abstract:
The first stage of the Ethnographic Department of the Russian Museum of Emperor Alexander III (1902–1913) was marked by the collection of funds. The formation of the museum collection was attended not only by employees of the Department, but also by correspondents. One of the collectors of ethnographic collections of the peoples of the North Caucasus was a student of the Moscow Imperial Technical School Zakhary Petrovich Valaev. In 1906, the first collection of ethnographic objects of Ossetians came from him to the museum. The following year, he collected another Ossetian collection, and also replenished the Caucasian fund with items of Kabardians and Balkars. The correspondence shows how the Ethnographic Department interacted with correspondents, how collecting work was carried out, and also reveals some aspects of Z.P. Valaev and K.A. Inostrantsev.
The first stage of the Ethnographic Department of the Russian Museum of Emperor Alexander III (1902–1913) was marked by the collection of funds. The formation of the museum collection was attended not only by employees of the Department, but also by correspondents. One of the collectors of ethnographic collections of the peoples of the North Caucasus was a student of the Moscow Imperial Technical School Zakhary Petrovich Valaev. In 1906, the first collection of ethnographic objects of Ossetians came from him to the museum. The following year, he collected another Ossetian collection, and also replenished the Caucasian fund with items of Kabardians and Balkars. The correspondence shows how the Ethnographic Department interacted with correspondents, how collecting work was carried out, and also reveals some aspects of Z.P. Valaev and K.A. Inostrantsev.
Number of views: 741 Download in PDF
Periodicals of Udmurtia 1930s as a Source about Izhevsk Water Transport
Russkii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 156-172.
Number of views: 714 Download in PDF
7. Victor B. BelousRusskii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 156-172.
Abstract:
Based on the electronic collection of newspapers in Udmurtia of the 1930-s on the National Library of the Udmurt Republic sampled newspaper notes on the water transport of Izhevsk. Analysis of the sample showed that the steamers were of great importance as participants in cultural city events. The population refers to water transport as a reliable and regular means of communication through the pond. Negative feedback on the work of riverboats in the analyzed sample is found regularly, but not more often than once a year, which resembles the usual practice of self-criticism in the USSR. Despite a certain subjectivity and a clear political context, newspaper reports are a valuable historical source for the water transportation of the 1930-s in Izhevsk.
Based on the electronic collection of newspapers in Udmurtia of the 1930-s on the National Library of the Udmurt Republic sampled newspaper notes on the water transport of Izhevsk. Analysis of the sample showed that the steamers were of great importance as participants in cultural city events. The population refers to water transport as a reliable and regular means of communication through the pond. Negative feedback on the work of riverboats in the analyzed sample is found regularly, but not more often than once a year, which resembles the usual practice of self-criticism in the USSR. Despite a certain subjectivity and a clear political context, newspaper reports are a valuable historical source for the water transportation of the 1930-s in Izhevsk.
Number of views: 714 Download in PDF
“Shells from Monastyrskaya”: Recollections about Forced Labor in Germany during World War II
Russkii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 173-183.
Number of views: 740 Download in PDF
8. Olga V. SemenovaRusskii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 173-183.
Abstract:
A young Ukrainian girl is taken to forced labour to Germany during World War II. First she finds herself in a camp in Breslau, the city, turned by the Germans into a fortess to stop the advancing Soviet troops, later – at a munitions plant at Nieder Petersdorf in Silesian countryside. Ukrainian girls and young women are put to production of artillery shells, an exacting and health-hazardous process, combined with harsh living conditions at their labour camp. Being of Jewish origin, Monastyrskaya has to conceal it to avoid extermination, and registers under an assumed name. Some of the girls have accepted their position and collaborate with Germans, examples of their thoughts and behaviour are cited in the document. Others, Monastyrskaya among them, have organized a resistance group and try to sabotage German war effort by spoiling shells and slackening production processes. Despite abhorring conditions of labour camp existence many of the girls remain true patriots. Monastyrskaya writes some poetry, it helps her to mentally stay in touch with home and family. Young age optimism, patriotism and resilience help the labourers to survive and meet their liberation. This is what Fanya Monastyrskaya writes about in her reminiscences.
A young Ukrainian girl is taken to forced labour to Germany during World War II. First she finds herself in a camp in Breslau, the city, turned by the Germans into a fortess to stop the advancing Soviet troops, later – at a munitions plant at Nieder Petersdorf in Silesian countryside. Ukrainian girls and young women are put to production of artillery shells, an exacting and health-hazardous process, combined with harsh living conditions at their labour camp. Being of Jewish origin, Monastyrskaya has to conceal it to avoid extermination, and registers under an assumed name. Some of the girls have accepted their position and collaborate with Germans, examples of their thoughts and behaviour are cited in the document. Others, Monastyrskaya among them, have organized a resistance group and try to sabotage German war effort by spoiling shells and slackening production processes. Despite abhorring conditions of labour camp existence many of the girls remain true patriots. Monastyrskaya writes some poetry, it helps her to mentally stay in touch with home and family. Young age optimism, patriotism and resilience help the labourers to survive and meet their liberation. This is what Fanya Monastyrskaya writes about in her reminiscences.
Number of views: 740 Download in PDF
On the Work of the Rostov Branch of VOOPIiK (1970s–1980s)
Russkii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 184-195.
Number of views: 721 Download in PDF
9. Russkii Arkhiv, 2019, 7(2): 184-195.
Abstract:
1970s–1980s became the time of active work of VOOPIiK (All-Russian Society for the Protection of Monuments of History and Culture). The project to create a public organization for the conservation of monuments dates back to 1965. Not only historians, architects and restorers joined the organization. An important role was played by ordinary citizens – workers, collective farmers, schoolchildren and students. Their efforts and patronage obligations revealed and saved many objects of history and culture. The documents of archival funds reflect historical information about the work of the Rostov regional branch of VOOPIiK.
1970s–1980s became the time of active work of VOOPIiK (All-Russian Society for the Protection of Monuments of History and Culture). The project to create a public organization for the conservation of monuments dates back to 1965. Not only historians, architects and restorers joined the organization. An important role was played by ordinary citizens – workers, collective farmers, schoolchildren and students. Their efforts and patronage obligations revealed and saved many objects of history and culture. The documents of archival funds reflect historical information about the work of the Rostov regional branch of VOOPIiK.
Number of views: 721 Download in PDF