2 December 22, 2022
1.
Articles
2. Nicholas W. Mitiukov
Reconstruction of the Full List of the Fleet According to the Form of Statistical Report No. 7-River (annual) on the Example of the Udmurt Administration of Small Rivers (1958–1962)
Russkii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 80-93.
Number of views: 65 Download in PDF
Russkii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 80-93.
Abstract:
Statistical reports are a valuable historical source on water transport. Since in the Soviet Union the fleets had many enterprises of various subordination, with the most diverse and bizarre reporting systems. In fact, only using statistical reports submitted according to forms unified by the Central Statistical Department made it possible to “reduce to a common denominator” all this information. The specialized form of the statistical report No. 7-river (annual) has a much higher information content compared to the form “26-vod”. It contains many additional fields to fill in, which are absent in the “26-vod” form, because of this the compilers were forced to approach the submitted figures more conscientiously. So, using the example of 1956, it can be seen that the Udmurt administration simply omitted the information about its traveling and messenger fleet. All this significantly increases the probability of a successful reconstruction of the list of vessels in the form No. 7-river (annual), in comparison with the “26-vod”. Despite the many possible options for reconstructing the composition of the fleet according to the form No. 7-river (annual), due to the stringent requirements for the figures submitted, corresponding to the power of the vessels, the nominal composition of the fleet is restored quite accurately. At the same time, for a number of engines, the power is indicated quite arbitrarily. This may be due to the existence of some instructions for filling, where, for example, the power of a 3D6 diesel engine should in any case be indicated as 150 hp. It can be assumed that the power varies for engines not listed in this manual. A very useful supporting material for the reconstruction can be the lists of ships for some existing year (for the Udmurt Administration ‒ this is a deed of transfer upon its liquidation in 1962), which, in the presence of explanatory notes to the statistical report, where indicated the cost of ships that went to increase (accepted) and reduction (written off) of the company's balance sheet. To control the correctness of the reconstruction, the documentation on the personnel of the Office, which includes the names of the ships available at that time, turned out to be very valuable. In general, form No. 7-river (annual) should be recognized as a very valuable source on the history of water transport.
Statistical reports are a valuable historical source on water transport. Since in the Soviet Union the fleets had many enterprises of various subordination, with the most diverse and bizarre reporting systems. In fact, only using statistical reports submitted according to forms unified by the Central Statistical Department made it possible to “reduce to a common denominator” all this information. The specialized form of the statistical report No. 7-river (annual) has a much higher information content compared to the form “26-vod”. It contains many additional fields to fill in, which are absent in the “26-vod” form, because of this the compilers were forced to approach the submitted figures more conscientiously. So, using the example of 1956, it can be seen that the Udmurt administration simply omitted the information about its traveling and messenger fleet. All this significantly increases the probability of a successful reconstruction of the list of vessels in the form No. 7-river (annual), in comparison with the “26-vod”. Despite the many possible options for reconstructing the composition of the fleet according to the form No. 7-river (annual), due to the stringent requirements for the figures submitted, corresponding to the power of the vessels, the nominal composition of the fleet is restored quite accurately. At the same time, for a number of engines, the power is indicated quite arbitrarily. This may be due to the existence of some instructions for filling, where, for example, the power of a 3D6 diesel engine should in any case be indicated as 150 hp. It can be assumed that the power varies for engines not listed in this manual. A very useful supporting material for the reconstruction can be the lists of ships for some existing year (for the Udmurt Administration ‒ this is a deed of transfer upon its liquidation in 1962), which, in the presence of explanatory notes to the statistical report, where indicated the cost of ships that went to increase (accepted) and reduction (written off) of the company's balance sheet. To control the correctness of the reconstruction, the documentation on the personnel of the Office, which includes the names of the ships available at that time, turned out to be very valuable. In general, form No. 7-river (annual) should be recognized as a very valuable source on the history of water transport.
Number of views: 65 Download in PDF
Publication of Sources
3. Natalya V. Dmitrieva
“On Political Parties in the Livland Governorate”: Reports of the Livonian Governor I.E. Shevich to the Minister of the Interior in 1884
Russkii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 94-107.
Number of views: 76 Download in PDF
4. Alla V. ShadrinaRusskii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 94-107.
Abstract:
In the early 1880s after the senatorial revision of the Livland and Courland Governorates of the Russian Empire by Senator N.A. Manasein (1882–1883) began the development of several reforms for the three Baltic Governorates at once: police, judicial, educational, etc. In the course of their preparation, the central tsarist government paid special attention to the state of the local community and the moods that dominated its environment. To this end, the Ministry of the Interior urged the governors to describe in more detail the state of affairs in the provinces when preparing weekly reports on incidents. The materials published in this article are of interest in connection with a detailed description of the views of the local crown administration on political and national sentiments in the Livonian province among different population groups. The categorization of “parties” given by the governor reflects, on the one hand, the established ideas about social and interethnic contradictions within the province itself, and, on the other hand, the attitude towards the privileged position of the German nobility in the Russian Empire itself.
In the early 1880s after the senatorial revision of the Livland and Courland Governorates of the Russian Empire by Senator N.A. Manasein (1882–1883) began the development of several reforms for the three Baltic Governorates at once: police, judicial, educational, etc. In the course of their preparation, the central tsarist government paid special attention to the state of the local community and the moods that dominated its environment. To this end, the Ministry of the Interior urged the governors to describe in more detail the state of affairs in the provinces when preparing weekly reports on incidents. The materials published in this article are of interest in connection with a detailed description of the views of the local crown administration on political and national sentiments in the Livonian province among different population groups. The categorization of “parties” given by the governor reflects, on the one hand, the established ideas about social and interethnic contradictions within the province itself, and, on the other hand, the attitude towards the privileged position of the German nobility in the Russian Empire itself.
Number of views: 76 Download in PDF
Priest Avdiy Timofeevich Inkov: the Return of Memory
Russkii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 108-119.
Number of views: 68 Download in PDF
5. Igor O. TumentsevRusskii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 108-119.
Abstract:
The return of the memory of a person, which belongs to the category of “person of the second plan”, is a laborious process, involving the introduction of sources of various types and origins into scientific circulation. This work was initiated by the granddaughter of the executed priest of the Don and Novocherkassk Eparchy of the Russian Orthodox Church A.T. Inkov by the scientist paleontologist V.S. Baigusheva, whose efforts to preserve the memory of a relative were crowned with the creation of memories – a source that testifies both to the everyday life of a representative of the clergy in the first half of the 20th century, and to his perception by a descendant raised as a Soviet person. The published memoirs are of particular interest, since their author is a member of the scientific community, who not only reproduces her own memoirs more than 80 years ago, but also makes attempts to comprehend the events that led to the tragic end of the priest's life. Together with the memoirs, archival office documents are published, which make it possible to clarify the memoirs of V.S. Baigusheva.
The return of the memory of a person, which belongs to the category of “person of the second plan”, is a laborious process, involving the introduction of sources of various types and origins into scientific circulation. This work was initiated by the granddaughter of the executed priest of the Don and Novocherkassk Eparchy of the Russian Orthodox Church A.T. Inkov by the scientist paleontologist V.S. Baigusheva, whose efforts to preserve the memory of a relative were crowned with the creation of memories – a source that testifies both to the everyday life of a representative of the clergy in the first half of the 20th century, and to his perception by a descendant raised as a Soviet person. The published memoirs are of particular interest, since their author is a member of the scientific community, who not only reproduces her own memoirs more than 80 years ago, but also makes attempts to comprehend the events that led to the tragic end of the priest's life. Together with the memoirs, archival office documents are published, which make it possible to clarify the memoirs of V.S. Baigusheva.
Number of views: 68 Download in PDF
Operational Records and Personal Documents of A.M. Gunko, the Deputy Commander for the Reconnaissance Party of the Neftegorsk Formation of Partisan Detachments of the Kuban
Russkii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 120-136.
Number of views: 68 Download in PDF
6. Olga V. Druzhba, Mariya V. Krasnoslobodskaya, Sof'ya D. LikhodedRusskii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 120-136.
Abstract:
The workbook and personal documents of the commissar and head of intelligence of the Neftegorsk formation of the Kuban partisan detachments, Gavriil Mikhailovich Gunko, are of considerable interest as historical sources. The Neftegorsk formation of partisan detachments was formed in 1941 and consisted of six partisan detachments: Apsheron, Armenian, three Neftegorsk and Ryazan. The Ryazan detachment was defeated in the first days of the occupation, so there is no information about it in the records. All operational information refers to the other five detachments, especially to the Armenian, which was defeated by the Germans on the very first mission. The records are encrypted, but easily revealed with the help of the memoirs of the chief of staff of the formation F.S. Gotvan. The names of traitors, policemen and deserters are not published for ethical reasons.
The workbook and personal documents of the commissar and head of intelligence of the Neftegorsk formation of the Kuban partisan detachments, Gavriil Mikhailovich Gunko, are of considerable interest as historical sources. The Neftegorsk formation of partisan detachments was formed in 1941 and consisted of six partisan detachments: Apsheron, Armenian, three Neftegorsk and Ryazan. The Ryazan detachment was defeated in the first days of the occupation, so there is no information about it in the records. All operational information refers to the other five detachments, especially to the Armenian, which was defeated by the Germans on the very first mission. The records are encrypted, but easily revealed with the help of the memoirs of the chief of staff of the formation F.S. Gotvan. The names of traitors, policemen and deserters are not published for ethical reasons.
Number of views: 68 Download in PDF
Cuisine and Household Economy of the Non-Urban Population of the USSR in the 1930s-1950s: First Person Story
Russkii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 137-148.
Number of views: 63 Download in PDF
7. Refat V. VorobyovRusskii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 137-148.
Abstract:
The disappearance of the natural character of the household in the non-urban space of our country stretched for several decades. The traditions associated with the production, preparation and storage of food were most persistently preserved. The article is based on six formalized interviews with rural residents about the peculiarities of home life in the 1930s-1950s. The questions concerned the structure of the household, methods of storing food, the diet of everyday food, the device of the kitchen hearth, recipes for cooking. As a result of the survey, the time of the mass transition of rural families to modern kitchen technologies, which occurred in the 1960s, was determined.
The disappearance of the natural character of the household in the non-urban space of our country stretched for several decades. The traditions associated with the production, preparation and storage of food were most persistently preserved. The article is based on six formalized interviews with rural residents about the peculiarities of home life in the 1930s-1950s. The questions concerned the structure of the household, methods of storing food, the diet of everyday food, the device of the kitchen hearth, recipes for cooking. As a result of the survey, the time of the mass transition of rural families to modern kitchen technologies, which occurred in the 1960s, was determined.
Number of views: 63 Download in PDF
“Who Will Tell You How It Really Was?” Interview with a Participant in the Armed Conflict on the Territory of the Chechen Republic
Russkii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 149-158.
Number of views: 72 Download in PDF
Russkii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 149-158.
Abstract:
Two stages of the armed conflict on the territory of the Chechen Republic in 1994−1996 and 1999−2009 are an almost inexhaustible source for the military sciences of modern Russia, in particular, for military psychology. The experience of psychological services with former combatants of these armed conflicts, as well as the experience of private research, allows us to apply and make adjustments to the moral and psychological training of military personnel of the RF Armed Forces. Despite the richness of narratives in the form of interviews, there is a risk of encountering opposition from a potential respondent related to finding the memories of a former combatant in the trigger zone. This introduces some difficulties in interviewing ex-combatants. The article provides an interview with the captain of the military intelligence reserve of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, who took part in the second stage of the armed conflict on the territory of the Chechen Republic.
Two stages of the armed conflict on the territory of the Chechen Republic in 1994−1996 and 1999−2009 are an almost inexhaustible source for the military sciences of modern Russia, in particular, for military psychology. The experience of psychological services with former combatants of these armed conflicts, as well as the experience of private research, allows us to apply and make adjustments to the moral and psychological training of military personnel of the RF Armed Forces. Despite the richness of narratives in the form of interviews, there is a risk of encountering opposition from a potential respondent related to finding the memories of a former combatant in the trigger zone. This introduces some difficulties in interviewing ex-combatants. The article provides an interview with the captain of the military intelligence reserve of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, who took part in the second stage of the armed conflict on the territory of the Chechen Republic.
Number of views: 72 Download in PDF
Reviews
8. Egor F. Konev
Screen Time Specifics in the Film Chronicle of the Fiery Years
Russkii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 159-163.
Number of views: 68 Download in PDF
9. Russkii Arkhiv. 2022. 10(2): 159-163.
Abstract:
The review considers the book by Konstantin Remishevsky, dedicated to the history of the Belarusian documentary film process during the Great Patriotic War. Of particular interest is the author's methodology of the «undocumented» film chronicle, the analysis of the means of screen expressiveness in newsreels, as well as the description of all surviving issues of the national newsreel “Savetskaya Belarus” of 1942‒1945. The uniqueness of the Belarusian wartime newsreel is indisputable, since in no other republic of the USSR occupied by the enemy, the national film magazine was released. “Savetskaya Belarus” is the only precedent. The author's analysis of the means of screen expressiveness used in the plots of the war period is of considerable scientific value. An analysis of the methods for giving the newsreel the required agitation and propaganda content is also relevant for today's media space.
The review considers the book by Konstantin Remishevsky, dedicated to the history of the Belarusian documentary film process during the Great Patriotic War. Of particular interest is the author's methodology of the «undocumented» film chronicle, the analysis of the means of screen expressiveness in newsreels, as well as the description of all surviving issues of the national newsreel “Savetskaya Belarus” of 1942‒1945. The uniqueness of the Belarusian wartime newsreel is indisputable, since in no other republic of the USSR occupied by the enemy, the national film magazine was released. “Savetskaya Belarus” is the only precedent. The author's analysis of the means of screen expressiveness used in the plots of the war period is of considerable scientific value. An analysis of the methods for giving the newsreel the required agitation and propaganda content is also relevant for today's media space.
Number of views: 68 Download in PDF